Incinerator

ABSTRACT

An incinerator has a lower combustion portion preferably equipped with a burner and an upper afterburning portion which can be swung off the lower portion. This upper portion has an upper outlet mouth. A chimney extends alongside the portions and has a lateral flue which opens just above the upper outlet mouth. A collar on the flue controls the amount of air let in at the gap between the flue&#39;&#39;s end and the mouth and this collar can be lifted also to swing out the upper afterburning portion for loading the combustibles into the burning chamber. A flap on the chimney below where the flue is connected is biased closed by a weight and, on excessive draft, opens to control this draft.

[73] Assignee United States Patent [721 Inventors l'lelmut Springer saidBienick assignor to said Springer [54] INCINERATOR 10 Claims, 3 DrawingFigs.

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[56] References Cited UNITED STATES PATENTS 3,327,945 6/ 1 967 Pfister 110/ 1 63V Primary Examiner- Kenneth W. Sprague Altorney- Karl F. RossABSTRACT: An incinerator has a lower combustion portion preferablyequipped with a burner and an upper afterburning portion which can beswung off the lower portion. This upper portion has an upper outletmouth. A chimney extends alongside the portions and has a lateral fluewhich opens just above the upper outlet mouth. 'A collar on the fluecontrols the amount of air let in at the gap between the flues end andthe mouth and this collar can be lifted also to swing out the upperafterburning portion for loading the combustibles into the burningchamber. A flap on the chimney below where the flue is connected isbiased closed by a weight and, on excessive draft, opens to control thisdraft.

PATENTEDJAN 5191! v 5 sum 1 or 2 8b 7 Helmuf Springer Frifz Bienick I NVEN 'IORS.

1 ibb BY Attorney PATENTEU JAN 5197! SHEET 2 BF 2 Hulmuf Springer Fri 12Biem'ck INVEN'IORS.

w A g Attorney INCINERATOR Our invention relates to an incinerator forsuch combustibles as paper, wood, trash, and the like.

Incinerators are known having a lower combustion chamber and an upperafterbuming chamber. This upper chamber is topped with a dome whichconnects with a chimney and is displaceable relative to the lowerchamber by complex means. With certain materials this chimney does notproduce sufficient draft, and with others it produces too much andcauses sparks to fly out its top.

The principalobject of our invention is to provide an improvedincinerator which overcomes these above-mentioned and otherdisadvantages.

Another object is to provide an incinerator which is easy to load andhas simplified means enabling such loading.

A yet further object is to provide an incinerator whose draft canaccurately and largely automatically be controlled according to thematerial being incinerated.

We attain these and other objects in accordance with the principalfeatures of our invention by providing an incinerator wherein thechimney stands next to the housing which is divided into two relativelydisplaceable portions. The upper portion serves as the afterburner andthe lower chamber as the combustion portion. The chimney has a lateralflue which opens just above an upper outlet mouth of the afterbumingportion which in addition, can be swung out from between the flue andoff the lower portion for loading of the latter. A collar fits aroundthe lower end of the flue and can be adjusted to vary the gap betweenthis lower end and the outlet mouth. The chimney is provided with adownwardly opening branch below the flue connection. This branch isclosed by an inwardly opening door which is equipped with an adjustablecounterweight such that when the draft in the chimney exceeds apredetermined limit the door or flap opens and admits air.

Such a device makes it possible to burn a variety of materials andadjust the draw of the incinerator for each different material,according to need. Furthermore, simple lifting of the collar throughsome lever arrangement frees the afterbuming portion and allows thislatter to be swung simply and easily out of the way for loading of thecombustion portion of the incinerator. No heavy chimney is attached tothe top making for extra weight and bulkiness when removing the upperportion for loading. This chimney arrangement of our invention thusattains two very valuable ends.

These and other objects, features, and advantages of our presentinvention will be more readily apparent from the following description,with reference to the accompanying drawing, in which:

FIG. 1 shows an incinerator according to our invention partly insection;

HO. 2 shows a detail of our invention in enlarged section; and

FIG. 3 shows a section along line lllIlI of FIG. 2.

Our incinerator has a lower combustion portion 1 in which such materialsas paper are ignited and partly burned, and an afterbuming chamber 2 inwhich the remaining combustibles are fully burned. Air is admitted intothe lower portion through a plurality of holes 13b and a centralperforated airdistribution sleeve 18. The walls of this portion 1 areideally of concrete or some refractory material.

The upper portion 2 consists of a central liner 15 formed with aplurality of holes 1312 and an outside jacket 14 with a space 19 for airto rise in between them. This portion 2 has an upper outlet mouth 3 andholes 130 in its upper regions for air plus a screen 24 for filteringout large particles.

An upright rod fixed on the lower portion 1 passes through two lugs 17on the upper portion 2. A lever arm 16 pivoted on the lower lug 17 canbe pulled back in the direction of an arrow 2] to lift the whole upperafterbuming portion 2 enough to clear the lower portion 1 and thenpivoting of the lever 16 about the rod 20 moves this whole portion 2 tothe side to allow loading of the combustion portion 1.

An oil burner 12 is shown provided in the wall of the lower portion.This serves to ignite particularly hard to burn materials.

A chimney 4 stands next to the two portions 1 and 2 and shares a commonbase plate 7 with them. A flue 5 connected to this chimney has a lowerend 28 opening just above the outlet mouth 3 of the upper portion 2.This lower end 28 has a rim 27 on which a collar 8 rests. A lever 9actuated by a handle 22 can lift this collar 8 to adjust a gap 6 betweenthe lower end 28 and the mouth 3. Lifting of this collar is alsonecessary before the upper portion is swung off the lower portion 1.

As shown in more detail in FIGS. 2 and 3 the chimney has a branch 25whose lower end is closed by a pivotal door or flap 10. An adjustablecounterweight 11 is slidable on a rod 28 mounting the door 10. When the'draft in the chimney exceeds a predetermined limit, this counterweight11 is outbalanced by the suction working on the door 10 and extra air isallowed into the chimney 4.

In this manner the door 10 automatically adjusts the draft in thechimney 4 while some manual adjustment can be carried out by setting ofthe collar 8 over the gap 6 for optimum srnoke-free burning. This collar8 also makes it easy to swing the upper afterbuming portion 2 of theincinerator out of the way to allow loading of the lower portion 1.

As can be seen from FIG. 1, the upper portion 2 of the incinerator has afrustoconical hood 3a terminating in the cylindrical neck 3. andconverging upwardly with the vertical axis A which is perpendicular tothe base plate 7 of the incinerator. The inner, afterbumer member 15,which is provided with air inlet apertures 13a, likewise has aperforated frustoconical portion 15a terminating in a neck 15b coaxialwith the neck 3 whose screen 24 spans the interior of the neck abovemember 15b. The neck 3 is cylindrical and coextensive, in the normalposition of the upper portion 2, with the cylindrical downwardlyextending end 28 of the flue 5. The axis B of the chimney 4, which isparallel to the axis A of the vertically elongated cylinder housing, isalso vertical and perpendicular to the base plate 7, while beingparallel to the axis C of the downwardly extending cylindrical portion250 of the branch 25.

The actuating means for withdrawing the collar 8 as its pull rod 22located at a distance from the incinerator l, 2, 3, and articulated at22a to the lever 9 whose fulcrum 9a is constituted by a lug 9b on theflue 5. At diametrically opposite locations on opposite sides of thetube 28, the collar 8 is provided with upstanding lugs 8a (one shown) inwhich the bifur cated end of lever 9 pivotally engage.

The combustion portion 1 of the incinerator which has al ready beendescribed as constituting a fire box, comprises in addition to thecentral perforated air-distribution sleeve 18, which ensures that airwill reach substantially all of the combustible material stuffed intothe combustion chamber, a spider 18a supporting this sleeve, a gratelfibat least partially supporting the combustion mass and ash collectiondrawer 26. The latter is withdrawable via the handlei26a", or runner 26bwhile the grate 18b is supported on rail c5 "and can be withdrawn viathe handle 18d. The oil burner 1'2;:'which is optional, is designed toburn a fuel/air mixtjr ithin the combustion chamber, thereby ensuringcom combustion of the materials therewithin. 1

The improvement described and illus admit of many modifications withinth skilled in the art, all such modificatio within the spirit and scopeof the inventi by the appended claims.

We claim:

1. An incinerator assembly, comprising a two-part housing having a lowercomb an upper afterbuming portion, said u an outlet mouth; an uprightchimney alongside said housi a two-ended flue having one end conne andthe other end opening downwardly while being spaced therefrom acrossmeans enabling displacement of said up between said other end of saidflue for bustibles into said housing; and

5 believed to o ucing comdraft-regulating means connected to saidchimney independently of said flue below said one end for controllingthe draft in said housing. I

,2. The incinerator assemblydefined in claim 1, furthercomprising. abase plate, said chimney and said housing being mounted on said plate.

. 3. The incinerator assembly defined in claim 2, furthercomprisingavertically displaceable collar shiftable over-said'outlet mouth andadapted to surround said gap, and meansfor a displacing said collar.

'-prising a base plate, said housingbeing vertically elongated andmounted on said base plate, said upper. portion of said housing beingformed with any upwardly converging ,frustoconical hood portionterminating at a cylindrical tubular neck defining said mouth, said neckhaving an axis perpendicular to said plate, said chimney'being-mounteddirectly on said plate with a vertical axis perpendicularto'the plate and ,parallel to the first-mentioned axis, said flue havingi a i downwardly extending cylindricalatube axially=aligned andcoextensivewith-saidmeck-and constitutingsaid:other end of I saidflue,a'vertically displaceable-collaron said ltubekhaving a--lower=positionwherein said collar surrounds-said gapand anupper-position wherein saidneck clears saidcollar forqsaid diswplacement'of'saidrupper portion, and mechanism for shifting said collar betweensaid-positions. j

"8. The incineratorasse mbly defined in'claim"7 wherein saidcollarsurroundssaid gap in said lower position while commu- 0 nicating-between-saidgap and-thesurrounding atmosphere with adjustableairflow-cross-sec'tion, saidmeans'enabling'dis- -pl'acement-of'sa'idvupperportion including-pivotmeans .interoonnectinglsaid upperzand lowerportions andwrnean's for swinging said upper'portionrelatively toisaid tube and said loweriportionaboutsaid pivot means,said lower portion being formedwith a burnerfor fuel-and-aircombustioninsaid lower portion, saidupperand lower portions beingprovided with apertures @open to the-atmosphere vfor sustainingcombustion itherein. 9. Theincinerator. assembly defined in claim 8wherein said mechanism includesa lever engaging'said-collaryand a'pullrod spaced'from saidhousing and connected tosaidlever.

"IOJ'Fhe incineratorassemblydefined in claim'9 wherein said'draft-regulating-means inclu'des a downwardly extending branchhaving anaxis parallel to the, axis of said chimney and '-formed -.with-anopening, a :flap pivotally mounted on said branch for adjustingtheefiective crosssection-of said-opening, and anadjustablecounterweight connected'tosaidflap.

1. An incinerator assembly, comprising: a two-part housing having alower combustion portion and an upper afterburning portion, said upperportion having an outlet mouth; an upright chimney alongside saidhousing; a two-ended flue having one end connected to said chimney andthe other end opening downwardly above said mouth while being spacedtherefrom across a gap; means enabling displacement of said upperportion out from between said other end of said flue for introducingcombustibles into said housing; and draft-regulating means connected tosaid chimney independently of said flue below said one end forcontrolling the draft in said housing.
 2. The incinerator assemblydefined in claim 1, further comprising a base plate, said chimney andsaid housing being mounted on said plate.
 3. The incinerator assemblydefined in claim 2, further comprising a vertically displaceable collarshiftable over said outlet mouth and adapted to surround said gap, andmeans for displacing said collar.
 4. The incinerator assembly defined inclaim 3 wherein the last-mentioned means is adjustable to control airinflow to said flue.
 5. The incinerator assembly defined in claim 4wherein said chimney is formed with an opening below said one end ofsaid flue and said draft-regulating means comprises a pivotal flap insaid opening, and means adjustably biasing said flap for controlling airinflow through said opening.
 6. The incinerator assembly defined inclaim 1, further comprising a burner in said lower portion for ignitingcombustible material therein.
 7. The incinerator assembly defined inclaim 1, further comprising a base plate, said housing being verticallyelongated and mounted on said base plate, said upper portion of saidhousing being formed with an upwardly converging frustoconical hoodportion terminating at a cylindrical tubular neck defining said mouth,said neck having an axis perpendicular to said plate, said chimney beingmounted directly on said plate with a vertical axis perpendicular to theplate and parallel to the first-mentioned axis, said flue having adownwardly extending cylindrical tube axially aligned and coextensivewith said neck and constituting said other end of said flue, avertically displaceable collar on said tube having a lower positionwherein said collar surrounds said gap and an upper position whereinsaid neck clears said collar for said displacement of said upperportion, and mechanism for shifting said collar between said positions.8. The incinerator assembly defined in claim 7 wherein said collarsurrounds said gap in said lower position while communicating betweensaid gap and the surrounding atmosphere with adjustable airflow crosssection, said means enabling displacement of said upper portionincluding pivot means interconnecting said upper and lower portions andmeans for swinging said upper portion relatiVely to said tube and saidlower portion about said pivot means, said lower portion being formedwith a burner for fuel-and-air combustion in said lower portion, saidupper and lower portions being provided with apertures open to theatmosphere for sustaining combustion therein.
 9. The incineratorassembly defined in claim 8 wherein said mechanism includes a leverengaging said collar and a pull rod spaced from said housing andconnected to said lever.
 10. The incinerator assembly defined in claim 9wherein said draft-regulating means includes a downwardly extendingbranch having an axis parallel to the axis of said chimney and formedwith an opening, a flap pivotally mounted on said branch for adjustingthe effective cross section of said opening, and an adjustablecounterweight connected to said flap.